Project 3 KL traffic congestion(rail transit contribution and its flaw)

Rail transit--contribute to KL solving congestion

The rail transit indeed encourage a number of people choose public transport but not private vehicle. Release pressure of road and expressway.

KTMB

Source:http://infinitityzone.blogspot.com/2011/07/ktmb-traffic-congestion-solution-in.html

KTMB has been privatized in 1992, the main hub of KTMB located in KL Sentral. KTMB has been created and improved for KL road congestion. It provide service of 70,000 to 80,000 passengers and go through 45 stations daily. According to the diagram of KL Integrated Transit Network Average Daily Commuters, the annual increasing ratio of passenger is 12%.

Issues and Problems

KL has enough rail transit system but lack of planning and management.

--Station location not suitable

--Capacity problem with population booming.The number of coach can not satisfy passenger volume today

--Train delay, not according to schedule

Project 2

Nothing is Waste
Waste is human concept. In nature, nothing is waste, everything could be a part of natural circulation. The things regarded as waste are just useless for some human activities.

"3R" Between the Mine and the Dump

Most materials flow directly from their natural source to processing plant, to manufacturing industry, to consumers, and lastly to the dump. Actually, materials can be "3R"

Reuse--Direct reuse of material goods without changing their form(packaging, bottle)

Recycle--For goods clearly at the end of their usefulness, complete recycling is generally possible(paper product)

Recover--Resources also can be recovered at centralized facilities designed to recycle mixed urban waste

3 Components of Sustainable Resource Policy:

Waste reduction--smaller, simpler, easy repaired, durable products

Waste separation--require consumers segregate waste but not mix them together

Waste recovery--need high technology, centralized facilities to re-segregate mixed waste into their useful component

Seven Steps Toward Practical Solutions

1. Waste reduction must be a top priority

2. Planners should conduct a fair and thorough environmental and economic comparison of all waste reduction, recycling, treatment, and disposal method

3. Regulation of incineration, landfilling, and recycling should comprehensively address the environmental consequences of improper waste management

4. Solid waste management efforts must be expanded to include source reduction of toxic constituents and maximum waste segregation

5. Incinerator vendors should be held accountable for their promises about plant performance through contract

6. Recycling should be supported by fiscal policies that reflect its full potential as a solid waste management alternative

7. Expanded recycling collection programs must be accompanied by market development initiatives

Reference:

Richard A. Denison and John Ruston, RECYCLING&INCINERATION, Island Press, 1990

Denis Hayes, Repairs, Reuse, Recycling--First Steps Toward a Sustainable Society, Worldwatch Institute, 1978

Project 3

Planning Issue: Urban Traffic Congestion
Demand>Supplies, Volume of Traffic>Available road capacity
2 Main Reasons:
1) Limited road capacity
2) The number of vehicles increasing

Limited Road Capacity:
--Indiscipline of road user (talking on cellphone when driving)
--Illegal parking on road side
--Hawkers on road side
--Accident
--Poor road design (no pedestrain bridge&underpass)
--The mixture of traffic
--etc.
The number of vehicles increasing:
--Urbanization
--Population growth
--Higher incomes
--Car price decreased
--etc.

Negative effect of traffic congestion:
--Delay and wasting time
--Increasing wear and tear of vehicles
--Wasting fuel
--Increasing air pollution
--Uncomfortable (affect mood of driver&passenger)
--Will delay emergency (eg. ambulance)

Economic Conflict:
Growth of demand==>Increasing cost of supply
In some cases, Increasing cost of supply < benefit we get
So, the congestion need to be tolerated untill the benefits rise sufficiently to justify the higher road construction costs.




Solutions:
As we know, traffic congestion because Demand>Supplies.
So, the solution could start from 2 aspect: Increasing supply and Reduce demand


Increasing Supply:
--Increasing road capacity (add more lanes)
--Creating new routes
--Traffic management(CCTV control and monitor traffic)
--Creating bridge, overpass etc.
--Road facilities improvement
--etc.



Reduce Demand:
--Parking restriction
--Reduction of road capacity to force traffic onto other travel mode
--Increasing road pricing, petrol tax
--Road space rationing
--Education, incentive to use public transport
--etc.


Other solutions:
--School&company control dismiss time, avoid peak hour or differ dismiss time
--Encourage online business(shopping online etc.)

For example, KTMB (Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad), monorail and light rail helped to solve traffic congestion in Kuala Lumpur.

Project 1 Layout Plan

Project 1 Concept Plan

Project 2 topic statement and Objectives

Malaysia Policies
Preventing and managing waste is the heart of sustainable development. National Vision Policy(NVP) pursue environmentally sustainable development to reinforce long-term growth.

Solid Waste and Public Cleansing Management Act 2007, the legislation brings management of solid waste directly under Federal Government's jurisdiction, allocates responsibilities to newly established agencies etc. changing the administrative structure.

Penang Solid Waste Management Project (2006), intergrated sustainable and environmentally friendly methods of handling and disposing of solid waste. It develop a model for solid waste forecast over the period 2005 to 2020.

SOURCE: Malaysia Developing a Solid Waste Management Model for Penang
http://www.undp.org.my/malaysia-developing-a-solid-waste-management-model-for-penang

Final Presentation of Site Analysis